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HB9V · Radio Amateurs of Canton Vaud

FT8 Digital Mode for Radio Amateurs: Complete Guide

● 28 February 2026 · 19 min read
WSJT-X FT8 waterfall showing decoded signals on the 80m band

📡 FT8: The Digital Mode that is Revolutionising Amateur Radio

Since its launch in 2017, the FT8 digital mode has transformed amateur radio around the world. Able to decode signals buried as far as -24 dB below the noise, this protocol makes intercontinental contacts possible with minimal power and a modest antenna. Whether you are a seasoned operator or a beginner, this complete guide takes you from the theory to your first FT8 QSO.

2017 Created by K1JT & K9AN
-24 dB Sensitivity below the noise
15 sec TX/RX cycles
Millions of QSOs per day

📚 What is FT8?

FT8 (Franke-Taylor design, 8-FSK modulation) is a digital communication mode developed in 2017 by Joe Taylor K1JT, winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics, and Steve Franke K9AN, a professor at the University of Illinois. It is part of the WSJT-X software suite (Weak Signal Joe Taylor), designed specifically for weak-signal communications.

Within a few years, FT8 has become the most widely used mode on the HF bands. Its success rests on three major strengths: exceptional sensitivity (decoding possible at -24 dB below the noise level), speed (a complete QSO in under a minute) and extensive automation that simplifies operating.

Unlike traditional voice modes (SSB, FM), where the operator has to understand what they hear, FT8 leaves the decoding to the computer. The software extracts structured messages from the signal, even when it is completely inaudible to the human ear. This opens the door to contacts that would simply be impossible on phone or CW.

💡 Did you know? Joe Taylor K1JT received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1993 for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that confirmed the existence of the gravitational waves predicted by Einstein. A keen radio amateur, he has devoted much of his spare time to developing weak-signal communication protocols.

FT8 within the WSJT-X ecosystem

FT8 is not the only mode in the WSJT-X suite. It coexists with several other protocols, each optimised for a specific use. Here is a comparison of the main weak-signal digital modes:

ModeCycle lengthBandwidthSensitivityMain use
FT815 seconds50 Hz-24 dBQuick QSOs, everyday DX, contests
FT47.5 seconds83 Hz-17.5 dBFast contests, digital sprints
JT6560 seconds178 Hz-28 dBEME (Earth-Moon-Earth), very weak signals
JT960 seconds16 Hz-27 dBHF weak signals, narrow bands
WSPR120 seconds6 Hz-31 dBPropagation monitoring (no QSOs)
JS8CallVariable50 Hz-24 dBFree-text messages, conversations (based on FT8)
MSK14415 seconds2400 Hz-8 dBVHF meteor scatter
Q6515-300 sec65-520 Hz-26 to -29 dBEME, VHF/UHF tropo

FT8 offers the best compromise between speed and sensitivity, which explains its overwhelming popularity. FT4, faster but less sensitive, is mainly used in contests. JS8Call, based on the FT8 protocol, adds the ability to exchange free-text messages, a feature that standard FT8 does not offer.

⚙️ How does FT8 work?

Understanding how FT8 works technically helps you use it better and diagnose any problems. Here are the key principles.

15-second transmission cycles

FT8 works on a system of rigid 15-second cycles, synchronised to UTC. Transmission periods start at 00, 15, 30 and 45 seconds past each minute. During each period:

  • 12.64 seconds are used to transmit the signal
  • 2.36 seconds remain for processing (decoding the received signal and preparing the reply)

Stations transmit alternately in the even periods (00, 30) or the odd periods (15, 45). This strict alternation allows very efficient half-duplex operation.

8-FSK (GFSK) modulation

The FT8 signal uses 8-FSK modulation (8-tone Frequency Shift Keying) with Gaussian filtering. This means that 8 different frequencies are used to encode the information, spaced 6.25 Hz apart. The complete signal occupies only 50 Hz of bandwidth, allowing dozens of stations to coexist within the typical 2500 Hz audio passband of an SSB receiver.

FT8 bandwidth = 8 × 6.25 Hz = 50 Hz per signal   Waterfall capacity = ~2500 Hz / 50 Hz = ~50 simultaneous signals   Useful data rate = 77 bits / 12.64 sec ≈ 6.1 bits/second

Structured messages

Each FT8 message contains exactly 77 bits of useful information, protected by a powerful 174-bit LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) error-correcting code, followed by a 14-bit CRC. This redundancy is the key to FT8's ability to decode extremely weak signals.

Messages follow a rigid, structured format. Here is the typical sequence of a complete FT8 QSO:

Station A: CQ HB9HPG JN36 Station B: HB9HPG F5ABC JN18 Station A: F5ABC HB9HPG -12 Station B: HB9HPG F5ABC R-08 Station A: F5ABC HB9HPG RRR Station B: HB9HPG F5ABC 73

This complete QSO exchanges the two stations' callsigns, their QTH locators (Maidenhead grid squares), signal reports in dB and confirmations. All in about 75 seconds (5 cycles of 15 seconds).

Cycle of a complete FT8 QSO (5 periods of 15 seconds) CQ HB9HPG JN36 T=0s (Station A) HB9HPG F5ABC JN18 T=15s (Station B) F5ABC HB9HPG -12 T=30s (Station A) HB9HPG F5ABC R-08 T=45s (Station B) F5ABC HB9HPG RRR T=60s (Station A) Station A (even periods) Station B (odd periods) Total QSO duration: ~75 seconds (5 × 15s) Exchange: callsigns + QTH locators + signal reports + confirmation ⚠️ UTC clock synchronisation required: accuracy ±0.5 second (NTP or GPS)

Figure 1: Complete sequence of an FT8 QSO in 5 periods of 15 seconds

⏰ Clock synchronisation is critical: FT8 relies on precise time synchronisation between all stations. Your computer's clock must be within ±0.5 second of UTC. On Windows, use an NTP client such as Meinberg NTP or Dimension 4. On Linux, the ntpd or chrony daemon does the job. For maximum accuracy, a GPS receiver with a PPS signal is ideal. Check the DT (Delta Time) indicator in WSJT-X: it should stay between -0.5 and +0.5 seconds.

📡 FT8 frequencies by band

FT8 uses standardised frequencies on each amateur band, agreed by worldwide convention. These frequencies are configured by default in WSJT-X. It is essential to stay on these frequencies so that other stations can decode you.

BandFT8 frequencyFT4 frequencyUSB modeNotes
160 m1.840 MHz-USB (Data)Night-time band, NVIS propagation
80 m3.573 MHz3.575 MHzUSB (Data)Very active in the evening in Europe
60 m5.357 MHz-USB (Data)Channelised band, check local regulations
40 m7.074 MHz7.0475 MHzUSB (Data)Excellent day and night band, very popular
30 m10.136 MHz10.140 MHzUSB (Data)WARC band, no contests, quiet
20 m14.074 MHz14.080 MHzUSBThe DX band par excellence, active 24 hours a day
17 m18.100 MHz18.104 MHzUSBWARC band, good DX propagation
15 m21.074 MHz21.140 MHzUSBActive during periods of high solar activity
12 m24.915 MHz24.919 MHzUSBWARC band, sporadic openings
10 m28.074 MHz28.180 MHzUSBExcellent during solar cycle 25 (2024-2026)
6 m50.313 MHz50.318 MHzUSBThe “Magic Band”, sporadic-E openings
2 m144.174 MHz144.170 MHzUSBTropo, meteor scatter, EME
70 cm432.174 MHz-USBTropo, rain scatter

⚠️ Important: For FT8, the transceiver is always set to USB (Upper Side Band), even on the low bands (160 m, 80 m, 40 m) where the usual convention for phone is LSB. Some transceivers have a dedicated “DATA-USB” or “DIGU” mode that disables the voice filters: use it if you can.

🔧 Equipment needed for FT8

One of the great advantages of the FT8 digital mode is how modest the required equipment is. Unlike SSB, where power and antenna make the difference, FT8 produces impressive results with minimal equipment.

Essential components

💻 Computer (PC / Mac / Linux)

Even a modest computer will do. WSJT-X runs on Windows 7+, macOS 10.13+ and most Linux distributions. A Raspberry Pi 4 will even do the job! The critical elements are the sound card (built-in or USB) and an Internet connection for NTP synchronisation.

📻 HF transceiver

Any HF transceiver will do, from vintage to modern. Recent transceivers (Yaesu FT-891, Icom IC-7300, Kenwood TS-890) have a built-in USB interface that greatly simplifies the wiring. Recommended power: 5 to 50 W is enough.

🎙️ Audio interface

The link between the computer and the transceiver. Three options: a digimode cable (USB to mini-DIN), a dedicated interface such as the SignaLink USB, or the built-in USB of modern transceivers, which handles both audio and CAT.

📡 Antenna

Even a modest antenna works remarkably well on FT8. A simple wire dipole, a vertical antenna, or even a long wire with an antenna tuner will give you worldwide contacts. The beauty of FT8 is that its sensitivity makes up for the antenna's shortcomings.

Recommended equipment and budget

EquipmentRecommended modelIndicative price (CHF)Notes
USB audio interfaceSignaLink USB~CHF 120The market benchmark, compatible with all transceivers
Digimode cableUSB DATA cable (transceiver-specific)~CHF 30-50Low-cost alternative to the SignaLink
USB CAT cableCT-62 (Yaesu) / CI-V (Icom)~CHF 25-40Frequency control, not needed if USB is built in
HF transceiver (entry level)Yaesu FT-891 / Xiegu G90~CHF 600-800100 W, compact, ideal for beginners
HF transceiver (mid-range)Icom IC-7300~CHF 1,200Built-in USB, waterfall, internal SDR
Wire dipole antenna40 m dipole or 80-10 m OCF~CHF 30-80 (DIY)Excellent performance for the cost
Vertical antennaHustler 6BTV / Diamond CP6~CHF 350-500Multiband, needs little space
Antenna tunerAuto tuner (FC-50 / MFJ-939)~CHF 200-400Essential with a long wire or a vertical
USB GPS receiverBU-353S4 / VK-172~CHF 30-50Optional, for ultra-precise PPS synchronisation

✅ Minimum budget to get started: If you already own an HF transceiver and a PC, a simple CHF 30 digimode cable is all you need to start on FT8. With a modern transceiver that has a USB port (Icom IC-7300, Yaesu FTDX10, etc.), you don't even need any extra accessories: a single USB cable handles everything.

💻 Installing and configuring WSJT-X

WSJT-X is the free, open-source software used to operate FT8. Here are the steps to install and configure it correctly.

  1. Download WSJT-X: go to wsjt.sourceforge.io and download the latest stable version for your system (Windows, macOS or Linux). As of February 2026, the current version is 2.7.x. Install the software like any standard program.
  2. Configure your station (“General” tab): start WSJT-X and go to File > Settings. In the “General” tab, enter your callsign (e.g. HB9HPG) and your QTH locator (e.g. JN36GU), and select “FT8” as the default mode. Tick “Double-click on call sets Tx enable” to make operating easier.
  3. Configure the audio (“Audio” tab): select your audio interface as input (Input) and output (Output). If you use a SignaLink USB, it appears as “USB Audio CODEC”. If your transceiver has built-in USB, it appears under its own name (e.g. “Icom IC-7300”). Set the input level so that the green bar in WSJT-X stays between 30 and 60 dB.
  4. Configure CAT control (“Radio” tab): CAT control (Computer Aided Transceiver) lets WSJT-X drive your transceiver. Select your radio's model, the serial port (COM port on Windows, /dev/ttyUSBx on Linux) and the baud rate (usually 38400 or 115200 baud). Click “Test CAT”: the indicator should turn green.
  5. Configure PTT (Push-To-Talk): PTT controls switching between transmit and receive. The options are: VOX (the transceiver detects the audio), CAT (software command via the serial port) or RTS/DTR (hardware signal on the serial port). CAT is the cleanest method if your transceiver supports it.
  6. Synchronise the PC clock: this is the most critical step. On Windows, install Meinberg NTP (free) or use “w32tm /resync” from the command line. On Linux, check that chrony or ntpd is running. The DT indicator in WSJT-X should show a value between -0.5 and +0.5 seconds.
  7. Calibrate the audio levels: set the transceiver's output power to about 50% of maximum power to avoid distortion. On FT8, linearity is essential: excessive power creates intermodulation products that interfere with neighbouring stations. Check your transceiver's ALC: it must never light up.
  8. Test on receive: tune your transceiver to 14.074 MHz (20 m) in USB. After a few seconds you should see decoded signals appear in the main WSJT-X window. If nothing appears, check the audio wiring, the input level and the clock.

⚠️ Important: FT8 transmitting rules:

  • Never transmit on an occupied frequency: always check the waterfall before transmitting. Choose a clear gap between existing signals.
  • Always use USB mode (or DATA-USB / DIGU), even on the low bands (160 m, 80 m, 40 m).
  • Limit your power: on FT8, 20-50 W is enough for DX. More power = more risk of intermodulation interference.
  • Watch your ALC: the transceiver's ALC indicator must NEVER come on. Reduce the PC's audio output level if necessary.
  • Do not change the transceiver frequency during a transmission. Change band between cycles, not during them.

📧 Making your first FT8 QSO

Your station is configured and signals are being decoded on screen: time to make your first contact! Here is the step-by-step guide.

Option 1: Answer a CQ

This is the easiest way to start. Watch the decoded messages in the main window and look for a CQ message:

  1. Spot a CQ: look for a message such as “CQ DL1ABC JO40” in the decode window. CQ messages appear in red in WSJT-X. Preferably choose a station with a strong signal (positive report, e.g. +05 dB).
  2. Double-click on the CQ: WSJT-X automatically prepares the reply sequence. Your message will be: “DL1ABC HB9HPG JN36”. Transmission will start on the next odd (or even, depending on the CQ's period) cycle.
  3. Wait for the reply: if the station hears you, it will reply with a signal report: “HB9HPG DL1ABC -12”. WSJT-X automatically handles the rest of the exchange.
  4. Let WSJT-X complete the QSO: the software automatically sends the successive messages (report, R+report confirmation, RRR, 73). The QSO is complete when you see the “73” message.
  5. Log the contact: WSJT-X automatically offers to log the QSO at the end of the exchange. Check the details and click “OK”. The log is saved in ADIF format.

Option 2: Call CQ

To call CQ yourself:

  1. Check the waterfall: find a clear audio frequency (a gap with no visible signal on the waterfall). Click on that gap to set your transmit frequency.
  2. Enable CQ: select the “CQ” message in the transmit area (usually Tx 6: “CQ HB9HPG JN36”) and click “Enable Tx”.
  3. Be patient: your CQ will be sent every cycle. If a station replies, WSJT-X detects it and automatically starts the QSO sequence.

Tips for your first contacts

🔍 Use QRZ.com

Configure WSJT-X to open the QRZ.com page of the station you are working automatically. This lets you see your contact's name, location and equipment. Go to Settings > General > Network Services.

📋 Log with WSJT-X

The built-in WSJT-X log records every QSO in ADIF format. This file is compatible with all logging software (Log4OM, DXKeeper, N1MM+). Also enable the ALL.TXT log, which keeps all decoded messages: useful for analysis.

🚀 Upload to LoTW, eQSL, ClubLog

To confirm your contacts for awards (DXCC, WAS, WAZ), upload your logs to LoTW (ARRL Logbook of the World), eQSL and ClubLog. The JTAlert software can automate these uploads in real time.

🌐 Check propagation with PSK Reporter

Before transmitting, check PSK Reporter to see which bands are open and where your signals are being received. This tool is indispensable for choosing the right band at the right time.

🌐 PSK Reporter and propagation monitoring

PSK Reporter (pskreporter.info) is a free web tool that no FT8 operator should be without. It collects the reception reports sent automatically by thousands of WSJT-X stations around the world and displays them on an interactive map.

How PSK Reporter works

By default, WSJT-X automatically sends PSK Reporter the list of all the stations it decodes. This means that as soon as you transmit on FT8, your signal is reported by every station that decodes you. You can then see on the map:

  • Who hears you: enter your callsign in the “Sending” field to see all the stations that have decoded your signal
  • Who is active: enter a prefix (HB9, F, DL, etc.) to see a country's activity
  • Which bands are open: filter by band to identify propagation openings in real time
  • Worldwide coverage: view the links between transmitters and receivers on the world map

Practical use

📈 Before transmitting

Check PSK Reporter to identify the bands open towards your target destination. If you are after Japan, check whether JA stations are being decoded on 20 m or 17 m. This saves you wasting time on a closed band.

📊 After transmitting

Check where your signal was received. It is an excellent way to assess your antenna's performance and compare different set-ups. If you are being received in Japan with 5 W, your antenna is working well!

📍 DX hunting

Use PSK Reporter to spot rare stations active on FT8. Filter by prefix (3B8, VP8, ZL, etc.) and identify the bands they are transmitting on. It is an unrivalled DX-hunting tool.

🚀 Propagation study

PSK Reporter lets you visualise propagation paths in real time. You can watch sporadic-E openings on 6 m, long-distance paths on 20 m, and even transpacific links on 40 m in the evening.

“PSK Reporter is like a real-time X-ray of the bands. You can see instantly where the bands are open, who is active and how far your signals are reaching. It's a tool radio amateurs could only have dreamt of 30 years ago!”, an HB9 operator

✅ Did you know? With just 5 watts and a simple wire antenna (dipole or long wire), FT8 lets you contact every continent. Many radio amateurs have earned the DXCC award (100 confirmed entities) running QRP (less than 5 W) thanks to FT8. The sensitivity of -24 dB below the noise more than makes up for the low transmit power.

💻 Complementary software

Beyond WSJT-X, several programs enhance the FT8 experience:

SoftwarePlatformPriceDescription
WSJT-XWin / Mac / LinuxFreeMain software for FT8, FT4, JT65, WSPR, Q65. Open source (K1JT).
JTDXWin / Mac / LinuxFreeWSJT-X fork with an improved decoder that decodes more weak signals.
JTAlertWindowsFree / DonationAudible and visual alerts for new DXCC entities, bands and modes. Automatic upload to LoTW/ClubLog.
GridTrackerWin / Mac / LinuxFreeReal-time world map of decoded stations. Maidenhead grid square tracking.
JS8CallWin / Mac / LinuxFreeBased on FT8, allows free-text messages (conversations, store-and-forward relaying).
Log4OMWindowsFree (v2)Full logbook with WSJT-X, LoTW, eQSL and ClubLog integration and DXCC tracking.
MSHVWin / LinuxFreeMulti-decoder alternative: can handle several simultaneous FT8 QSOs (multi-streaming).

⚖️ Advantages and limitations of FT8

FT8 has its enthusiastic supporters and its critics. Here is a balanced assessment of the mode.

🌐 Worldwide range with QRP

Intercontinental contacts are possible with 5 W and a modest antenna. DXCC is within everyone's reach.

🔉 Works below the noise

Decoding at -24 dB below the noise: completely inaudible signals can be used.

⏱️ QSO in 75 seconds

A complete contact takes less than 2 minutes. Ideal for short propagation openings.

💻 Easy to operate

WSJT-X's automation makes operating accessible even to beginners.

📈 Propagation study

PSK Reporter provides an unrivalled real-time view of propagation conditions.

💵 Economical

Minimal equipment, low power = low electricity consumption. Ideal for portable operation.

Limitations and criticisms

FT8 is the subject of debate within the amateur radio community. Some criticise the mode for its lack of human contact: the messages are standardised, no conversation is possible, everything is automated. Others feel that FT8 has “emptied” the SSB and CW sub-bands of their operators.

In reality, FT8 is a complementary tool, not a replacement. It excels where other modes fail (weak signals, marginal propagation, limited antennas) and allows many radio amateurs to stay active when they could not be on phone. FT8 is a bridge to other modes: many newcomers start with FT8 and then go on to explore SSB, CW and other digital modes.

💡 Perspective: FT8 is to amateur radio what GPS is to navigation: a powerful technological tool that does not replace know-how but complements it. Being able to operate CW or SSB remains a huge asset, but FT8 opens the door to DX for those whose circumstances (space, budget, RF environment) limit their options.

🇨🇭 Swiss section: FT8 in HB9

The Swiss amateur radio community is very active on FT8. Here is information specific to the HB9 context.

FT8 activity in Switzerland

The most popular bands for FT8 in Switzerland are 20 m (14.074 MHz) and 40 m (7.074 MHz), which offer excellent European and worldwide coverage. 10 m (28.074 MHz) has been particularly active since the start of solar cycle 25 (2024-2026), with spectacular openings to South America, Africa and Asia.

Switzerland lies mainly in the JN36, JN37, JN46 and JN47 locator squares. From a typical Swiss location, FT8 regularly lets you contact more than 100 DXCC entities in a year, even with modest equipment.

Licence and regulations

To transmit on FT8 from Switzerland, you need an OFCOM licence:

  • HB9 licence (CEPT): access to all bands, maximum power 1000 W PEP, recommended to make full use of FT8
  • HB3 licence (novice): access limited to certain bands, maximum power 100 W, perfectly adequate for FT8

Digital modes such as FT8 are permitted on all Swiss amateur bands, within the segments provided for in the IARU Region 1 band plan.

FT8 clubs and groups in Switzerland

ResourceDescriptionLink
USKANational association of Swiss radio amateurs. Digital modes committee, exam preparation courses.uska.ch
HB9VRegular activities, mutual help, repeaters and digital reflectors.hb9v.ch
OFCOMFederal regulator. Licences, exams, regulation of digital modes.bakom.admin.ch
HB9HQSwiss national contest team. Takes an active part in international FT8 contests.hb9hq.ch
PSK ReporterMonitor HB9 FT8 activity in real time. Filter by the prefix “HB9” or “HB3”.pskreporter.info

Popular FT8 contests

Several contests now include FT8, and Swiss participation is significant:

  • FT Roundup (ARRL): first weekend of December, official ARRL FT8/FT4 contest
  • CQWW DX Contest: CW and SSB only; FT8 has its own contest (WW Digi, below)
  • WW Digi DX Contest: dedicated FT4/FT8 contest, very popular in Europe
  • Helvetia Contest (USKA): the major Swiss national contest, open to digital modes

💡 Good practice and advanced tips

Optimising performance

🔉 Audio levels

Set the audio input level so that the WSJT-X indicator stays in the green zone (30-60 dB). Too high = saturation and false decodes. Too low = missed signals. This is the most important setting after the clock.

🔌 Transmit power

On FT8, more is not better. 20-50 W is enough for most DX contacts. Excessive power generates intermodulation products that interfere with neighbouring signals. Set the power so that the transceiver's ALC never comes on.

⏰ Clock accuracy

PC clock drift of more than 1 second makes decoding impossible. Use a reliable NTP service and regularly check the DT (Delta Time) indicator in WSJT-X. Values close to 0.0 are ideal.

📡 Antenna

Even on FT8, a better antenna gives better results. If you are torn between more power and a better antenna, always choose the antenna. A dipole at the right height outperforms a compromise vertical.

Advanced WSJT-X features

WSJT-X offers several features that enhance the FT8 experience for experienced operators:

  • Fox & Hound: a special mode for DXpeditions. The “Fox” (rare station) can handle several QSOs at once, while the “Hounds” (chasers) follow an optimised protocol.
  • SuperFox: introduced in WSJT-X 2.7, this enhanced mode lets the Fox reply to even more stations in parallel, reducing pile-ups during DXpeditions.
  • Multi-decoding: WSJT-X decodes all the signals present in the audio passband simultaneously (up to 50+ signals per cycle).
  • Colour highlighting: callsigns are coloured according to their status: new DXCC (red), new QTH locator, already worked (grey), etc.
  • Hound mode: for DX chasers, automatically follows the Fox's frequency even if it moves on the waterfall.

🔧 Common troubleshooting

Here are the problems most frequently encountered when setting up FT8, and their solutions:

❌ No signals decoded

Possible causes: incorrect audio configuration (check that the right device is selected), input level too low, PC clock out of sync by more than 2 seconds, transceiver not in USB/DATA mode, wrong transceiver frequency.

❌ DT (Delta Time) too high

Solution: synchronise your PC clock with an NTP server. On Windows: w32tm /resync. Install Meinberg NTP for continuous synchronisation. Check that DT stays between -0.5 and +0.5 s.

❌ The transceiver does not transmit

Possible causes: PTT incorrectly configured (try VOX, CAT or RTS/DTR), audio output cable not connected, PC audio output level too low, transceiver incorrectly configured in split mode.

❌ ALC active / distorted signal

Solution: reduce the PC's audio output level (the “Pwr” slider in WSJT-X or the system volume) until the transceiver's ALC no longer lights up. Do NOT reduce the transceiver's RF power to compensate.

❌ Nobody answers my CQ

Check: that your signal appears on PSK Reporter, that your audio frequency is within the active range (200-3000 Hz), that your power is sufficient, and that you are calling on a band that is open to active stations.

❌ CAT control does not work

Solution: check the COM port (Windows) or /dev/ttyUSB (Linux), the transceiver's baud rate, and that the right radio model is selected in WSJT-X. On Linux, add your user to the dialout group.

🏆 FT8 awards

FT8 is accepted for most of the major amateur radio awards:

AwardRequirementFT8 acceptedDifficulty on FT8
DXCC (ARRL)100 confirmed DXCC entities✅ Yes (Digital category)Moderate: achievable in 6-12 months
WAS (ARRL)50 confirmed US states✅ YesEasy: a few weeks are enough
WAZ (CQ Magazine)40 CQ zones confirmed✅ YesModerate: zones 22, 23 and 34 are harder
VUCC (ARRL)Confirmed Maidenhead grid squares✅ YesFT8 exchanges the QTH locator natively!
FT8 DMCFT8-specific award (100, 200, 300 DXCC)✅ FT8 onlyProgressive: several levels
HB9 Award (USKA)All 26 Swiss cantons confirmed✅ YesModerate: some cantons are less active

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